Роль Cdc42 в формировании ключевых признаков старения
Ключевые слова:
Cdc42, старение, клеточная сенесценция, признаки старения, мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, геномная нестабильность, окислительный стресс, SASP, эпигенетические изменения, геропротекцияАннотация
Введение. Старение представляет собой сложный биологический процесс, сопровождающийся накоплением молекулярных и клеточных нарушений, которые последовательно приводят к снижению функциональной активности тканей и развитию возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний. Концепция ключевых признаков старения формирует системную основу для анализа механизмов биологического старения. В последние годы накопленные данные указывают на важную роль малой GTPазы Cdc42 в регуляции возрастных процессов на различных уровнях клеточной организации. В настоящем обзоре представлен анализ современных исследований, посвящённых влиянию Cdc42 на все три категории признаков старения — первичные, антагонистические и интегративные. Рассмотрены механизмы участия Cdc42 в формировании геномной нестабильности, эпигенетических изменений, клеточной сенесценции, окислительного стресса и нарушений межклеточной коммуникации, включая SASP-зависимые процессы. Особое внимание уделено роли Cdc42 в регуляции динамики цитоскелета, митохондриальной функции и ответа на повреждение ДНК. Потенциал фармакологического ингибирования Cdc42 также может быть также использован в качестве перспективного подхода для коррекции возраст-ассоциированных клеточных нарушений и разработки геропротекторных стратегий. Данный обзор подчёркивает центральную роль Cdc42 в биологии старения и формирует основу для дальнейших исследований, направленных на замедление возрастных физиологических процессов и поддержание функционального долголетия.
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